Orchid Care
Caring for Orchids
Do you know how to care for your orchids? If you don’t follow these guidelines, you may be risking the life of your orchid plant.
Orchids are one of the most popular plants in the whole wide world and there are hundreds of various varieties of orchid plants. But despite the diversity found in this incredible family of plants, there are a few general guidelines that you should follow regardless of the species of orchid that you are growing. Ignore them at your peril.
Orchid Care Rules
Adhere to these guidelines to help keep your plant in good health. In the event you do not follow these rules, you might harm or perhaps kill your orchid plant.
- Never pot an orchid in regular soil, use orchid potting mix.
- Never let your orchid stay inside a water soaked pot; make sure that the pot drains well.
- When you do water, make certain you use sufficient water that it drains out from the bottom from the pot to prevent a build up of salts.
- Don’t over-fertilize your orchid. Follow the directions on the fertilizer label.
- Watch for pests and remove them by hand or wipe them off having a soft cloth.
- Ensure adequate space in between your plants to stop the spread of orchid diseases between them.
Watering: More Important Than You Think
Orchids should not be watered too often or you will run the risk of encountering root rot or fungal illnesses. In general, watering once a week is sufficient. You will need to let the media that your orchid is growing in dry in between waterings and you should by no means soak your orchid in water. Its roots need to breathe, so submersing them in water can harm or even kill your plant. You must also mist the leaves and aerial roots of your plant periodically if you live inside a dry area, but avoid getting water on your orchid’s flowers as this can make them rot.
Air Circulation: An Orchid Has to Breathe
Great air circulation is absolutely critical to the well being of your orchid. A frequent cause of fungal infections is poor air circulation. What happens is the air stagnates and water on your plant’s stem and leaves does not dry off as it ought to. When this happens, all sorts of harmful fungus and pests can start to grow and kill your plant.
Temperature: Some Like it Hot
Most orchids favor temperatures in between 65 and 85 degrees. Attempt to help keep them from getting too hot or cold as this can harm or perhaps kill them. They are able to survive brief exposures to temperatures which are outside of this range, but attempt to avoid taking that risk. In the event you do reside in a colder area, attempt to focus on Cymbidium orchids as they are able to withstand colder weather than other varieties of orchids.
Fertilizing: Feeding a Hungry Orchid
Generally you should fertilize your orchid just as it is about to enter its growing season. The growing season starts in the Spring and usually extends to the Fall. As your orchid is growing, its nutritional requirement goes up and so this is the perfect time to feed it. Just look for a fertilizer that is designed for orchids and follow the directions on the label.
Not an Orchid (How'd this get here?)
Repotting an Orchid
From time to time orchids will need to be repotted, but please bear in mind that the time to repot is often significantly later than many people believe that it is. Orchids appreciate slightly smaller pots than other plants and they also enjoy being slightly root bound, so wait to repot till they’re clearly too big for the pot that they are in. Because there are a lot of orchid lovers out there, most garden shops sell potting mix that’s specially created for orchids. Simply buy orchid potting mix and a slightly bigger pot and repot your orchid in it, using the new potting mix.
Types of Orchids
There are thousands of different kinds of orchids. In fact, there are over 22 thousand different species of orchids in the world today and many more are still being discovered. But all orchid plants fall into 880 genera or categories. The ten most popular types of orchids are: Cattleya, Phalaenopsis, Vanda, Dendrobium, Paphiopedilum, Oncidium, Miltonia, Phragmipedium, Odontoglossum and Cymbidium orchids.
Though my primary focus is anthuriums, I have been known to grow a few orchids from time to time. But I am by no means an expert on orchids. There are so many different species of orchids that I don’t think anyone can be an expert on all of them. I think that true orchid experts tend to specialize on single family of orchids in order to gain deep rather than wide knowledge of these amazing plants.
Phalaenopsis Orchids
Phalaenopsis are also called Moth orchids. They are great orchids for people who are new to growing orchids because they are some of the toughest orchids around. Some orchids are a little on the weak side, but Moth orchids are tougher and they are more tolerant of small mistakes in care.
Vanda Orchids
Vandas are true to their epiphytic nature. They prefer growing free attached to trees rather than having their roots all cramped up in a pot. They seem to like it when their roots can breathe a little oxygen. So grow them on a tree or in a hanging basket if at all possible. Save your bench space for other plants that need it more.
Cattleya Orchids
Did you know that there are 113 species of Cattleya Orchids?
Well that is what you will find, and they all come from South America. They are named for a man named Sir William Cattley who was the very first individual to grow them outside of their native habitat. These lovely orchids generate large, sophisticated flowers and they are a favorite of orchid breeders. Sometimes they can produce flowers which are six inches across.
They come in almost every color imaginable except for the two colors which you by no means wish to see on your skin, black and blue, unless you are wearing these colors.
They have an interesting structure. The number 3 plays a really important function in their composition. They have three narrow petals and 3 broad petals, but one of their broad petals forms what may look like their mouth. But in contrast to us, they don’t use their mouth to eat, it’s just for show.
Cymbidium Orchids
Cymbidium orchids are also referred to as boat orchids. Why? It’s because they look like boats. Not… Actually I don’t have a clue why they are called this.
There is exactly 52 species of cymbidium orchids. This is a fascinating quantity because this is the same quantity of cards which you will find inside a deck of playing cards. All of these species originated in Asia and a few of the bigger species are able to live at high altitudes.
Cymbidiums have a tendency to produce flowers that are slightly smaller than Cattleyas. In fact, their largest flowers have a tendency to be only four inches across. But they do produce a great quantity of flowers. The majority of the time they will generate a minimum of ten flowers or much more.
They’re a better variety for those of you who live in colder climates. They cannot survive freezing temperatures, but they are able to common deal with temperatures down to 45 degrees. Though, we would struggle to locate those temperatures here in Hawaii.
Dendrobium Orchids
Would you believe that dendrobiums are one of the most plentiful species of orchids?
There are roughly 1,200 species of dendrobiums in the planet these days. These stunning orchids original come from Oceania, which is the region encompassing Asia and Australia. Having a family as large as they have, isn’t it apparent that they would need to come from a large part of the globe?
Another fascinating factoid is that their name derives from the Greek words for tree and for life. They are essentially tree-life or plants that prefer to live on trees. The technical term for this really is epiphytes.
Since they come from such a large region, various species of dendrobiums are adapted to various climatic extremes. Some species prefer to develop in dry locations like the deserts of Australia, while other species like the high altitude cold weather from the Himalayas.
Dendrobiums tend to generate little flowers, but they can generate a lot of them. Some plants can produce up to 100 flowers at a time. Like bears they prefer to sleep in the winter time and do the majority of their growing within the summertime. But, in Hawaii, we tend to have endless summers, so they have a really lengthy growing season here.
Miltonia Orchids
Miltonias were discovered by John Lindley in 1837 in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. They produce large flowers which last a long time on the plant, but not so long when used as a cut flower. They derive their name from Lord Milton who was an early English orchid fanatic. Miltonia are generally medium to large orchid plants and they also produce medium to large orchid flowers from 4 to 15 centimeters wide.
Finally, I realize that I haven’t covered Odontoglossum, Oncidium, Paphiopedilum and Phragmipedium orchids, yet. But don’t worry. I’ll get to them eventually.
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